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Trang An in Ninh Bình

The Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex is located in the districts Hoa Lu, Gia Vien, and Nho Quan of Ninh Binh Province in northern Viet Nam. The heritage property is spread over a large area of 10,000 hectares, and is made up of three individual components within a single buffer zone.  The three components are: (i) the Trang An Ecological Area, (ii) the Tam Coc-Bich Dong River Landscape, and the Hoa Lu Ancient Citadel.  The three areas share a common geological and ecological environment characterized by dramatic limestone karsts, permeated with a network of caves, and bound together by flooded inland waterways of high biological diversity. Together these three contiguous areas comprise the core zone of the heritage property.
To the east of the property is the Chanh River, to the north is the Hoang Long River and to the southwest is the Ben Dang River. The north, east and southeast sides comprise vast flat floodplains formed by Day and Van Rivers.
The crust in the Trang An region has a geologic history of 245 million years and includes six strata from of the Triassic and Quaternary Ages. It includes strata of different thickness, which has facilitated karstification and the formation of the area's unique landscape.
The Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex is situated inland on the coastal plain of within the highly eroded limestone block of Hoa Lu, part of the Truong Yen - Bich Dong mountain range.  This range comprised of by limestone karst peaks of high fragmentation forming low mountains separated by valley floors composed of sedimentary rock, where shales predominate. These valley floors are characterized by a long process of denudation, erosion, and surface runoff which has accumulated as a mixture of aluvi - deluvi - proluvi.
The height of the limestone block of Hoa Lu is 105 -70 meters above sea level, decreasing in height from the northwest to the southeast, as it slopes to the sea.  The Hoa Lu limestone block consists of hundreds of connected karsitic limestone mountains in close proximity.  Dramatic karst peak topography dominates the top of the limestone block, while the inside of the block is permeated with thousands of caves, many of which are interlinked, along waterways.  The most characteristic - and spectacular - part of this geological area is included in the core zone of the Trang An Scenic Landscape heritage site.  Also included in the core zone are the most important caves showing the evolution of cave formation over a long geological period of time, and continuing into the present.  The buffer zone includes all the water bodies and water courses which contribute to the on-going geological evolution of the area.
The high fragmentation of the limestone mountains in the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex has resulted in numerous karst blocks, karst towers, bell-shaped karst formations, all with precipitous slopes.  Lying in-between the karst towers are karst valleys and expanded eroded karstic lowlands, floored with limestone mud sediments, which are flooded annually during the rainy season.
The geology of the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex dates from the glacial and interglacial episodes of the Quaternary when rates of erosion were accelerated due to the great fluctuations in climatic conditions.  During this time of repeated sea-level rise and subsequent inland flooding, the region was subjected to periodic inundation. The wave cuts found at the base of most of the limestone karsts within the property are the result of environmental and climate fluctuations during, and especially, at the end of the Quaternary.  Within the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex there are numerous caves from this period which are situated on marine terraces of different heights corresponding to sea levels changes correlated to the chronology of the interglacial periods, giving evidence that this was a time of generalized global warming.
The cave system in the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex results from geologic activities including tectonic activity, the formation of sink holes, and the precipitation of calcium carbonates (CaCO3) over a span of ​​hundreds of millions of years from 32 million to 6000 years ago. These caves are under continued evolving transformation due to the impact of changes in global sea levels and the movements of the Earth's crust.
There are two types of caves in the area.  Inactive (fossil) caves and active (living) caves.  Tam Coc and Trang An caves are typical of "living" caves that are flooded throughout the year. These caves are subject to continued erosion.  During the six months of the rainy season, the water level in these living caves can be up to the ceiling of the caves.  In addition, during the rainy season, rain water drops down from the cracks in the limestone block, dissolving the calcium carbonate and creating small stalactites and stalagmites.
Apart from magnificent beauty and geological interest, each cave has its own historical and cultural values. Many caves, such as show evidence of occupation by humans during the prehistory. Archaeological excavations Trong and Boi caves show evidence of human occupation as early as 20,000-10,000 BCE.  Excavations at Bich Dong, Nguoi Xua, Bai Dinh, and other cave sites show that the sequence of human occupation is uninterrupted from that time throughout the rest of the prehistoric era. These archaeological studies confirmed the stratigraphy and dating of the human occupations of the caves to and throughout the period of transition from the Pleistocene to the Holocene at the end of the last glaciation, during the time of the area's most dramatic geological transformation into its present condition.
Humans continued to occupy the area of the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex in the proto- and early- historic periods.  Evidence of human use/occupation during this time comes from both artifacts and structural features, such as wooden boat-coffins, Han-era tombs, construction materials, including a diversity of bricks and double diamond shaped decorative tiles.
The 10th century CE was a time of nation-formation and struggle for independence from Chinese dominance.  The labyrinth of mountains, caves, and waterways of the Trang An Complex provided effective protection for local defenders against invading Chinese imperial troops.  Eventually, mountains peaks were connected together to form the walls and the rivers were channeled to become the moats of the Viet military citadel of Hoa Lu.
Hoa Lu first served as a political capital for 42 years during the Dinh Dynasty (CE 968-979), again during the Le Dynasty (CE 980-1010), and again during the early years of succeeding Ly dynasty. Subsequently Hoa Lu was the capital of an independent nation-state - Dai Co Viet - which later joined the confederation of nation-states to form the unified nation of Viet Nam ruled in succession by the Ly, Tran, Le, and Nguyen Dynasties.
When, in  the 13th  and 14th  centuries CE, the Jin Dynasty Imperial Army from China once again invaded Viet Nam, the Vu Lam Palace was constructed at Trang An to defend the nation's frontier.
Within the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex there are hundreds of historic pagodas, temples, and shrines dating from different historical periods.  The most outstanding are the two temples of King Dinh and King Le with their traditional wooden architecture. The Nhat Tru Pagoda is famous for the Buddhist scriptures carved on the temple's stone pillars in the 10th century.  Also renown is the Thai Vi Temple of the Tran Dynasty with its unique stone architecture. There are also many important historical objects located within the property, the most important of which date from the 17th century CE, including: imperial dragon stone beds, and scared dog statues.  These historical features are to be found within the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex mainly along the serene Sao Khe River, as it winds its way through the picturesque limestone karst mountain valleys.
For Vietnamese people throughout the ages, the landscape of Trang An, with its dramatic mountains, mysterious caves, and sacred spaces, has provided a vision of beauty and a metaphor for the Vietnamese culture.  It is a place of inspiration where natural history and cultural history are inseparable. A place where culture encounters the wonder, mystery, and magnificence of the natural world and is transformed by it.

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China Beach (My Khe Beach) in Da Nang

Considered to be Vietnam's most picturesque beach, the white sandy 20-mile stretch of China Beach was named by the American troops who visited during the Vietnam War for R&R. Known locally by its proper name Non Nuoc, it offers excellent surfing from September just off the shores of Danang. There are also a number of high-end resorts within the vicinity should you be in need of pampering with most offering a rich choice of treatments at their spas and a range of dining options.
Sunbathing and surfing aside, there are a host of historical sites situated close by including the port of Hoi An which is only 10 minutes away by bus and offers wonderfully preserved merchant houses and small alleyways to explore. Hoi An is also a superb place to get anything you desire tailor made usually within 12 hours, and while you wait it’s definitely recommended that you try some local delights including very fresh shrimp pancakes.
Once listed in Forbes Magazine as one of the 'World's Most Luxurious Beaches', the stunning sands of China Beach offer surfers and sun seekers a gloriously unspoilt hideaway with a host of big brand hotels such as Raffles and Hyatt opening or due to open very soon.
The China Beach area was first flung into the spotlight thanks to the China Beach television show broadcast on American networks highlighting US Vietnam War soldiers enjoying rest and play in Da Nang. After the war, the beach became a well-known spot on the backpacker trail before heading upmarket to today's more glamorous resort scene.
China Beach benefits from being perfectly located at the heart of World Heritage sites - the ancient port of Hoi An, the mysterious Phing Nga Caves, the home place of the Champa population and the revered imperial city of Hue are all easily accessible. China Beach is also reaping the rewards of an increasing number of international flight connections from Singapore, Bangkok and Ho Chi Minh City to name a few.

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Cua Dai Beach

Cua Dai is one of just five Vietnamese UNESCO World Heritage Sites offering an unrivalled seaside escape from the ancient streets of Hoi An. This 3km stretch of fine white powdery sands positioned just north-east of Hoi An make Cua Dai Beach the perfect place to easily find your own patch of paradise. The water is very clear with tropically blue waves that are gentle enough for swimming and floating around. There are even changing huts on the beach along with a few bungalows here and there.
There are also plenty of great seafood restaurants located around the coast so its worth staying for dinner and enjoying fresh dishes served up from the vendors lining the beachfront. Cua Dai is another great reason to visit Hoi An where you can soak up all the celebrated cultural and historical sites then head up to the beach and experience what is often claimed to be Vietnam's most stunning coastal shore. Crystal blue seas and deserted white sands like this are hard to find anywhere else in Vietnam.
Wide and lengthy, Cua Dai is a very beautiful beach with sloping soft sands situated 5km away from Hoi An in Quang Nam Province. Cham Island can be spotted in the distance on a clear day with its willow trees providing shade to enjoy the view. Its nice to arrive at the beach at sunrise and watch the fishing boats cast away for the day selling their catch later to the restaurants and hawkers lining the beach. Its easy to find your own private spot and set up for as long as you want as the size of Cua Dai ensures everyone can find their own space.
There are a few water sports set up at the beach along with plenty of deckchairs, parasols and even a lovely line of trees giving shade, so you don't need to worry about spending too long in the sun without being able to cool off. When visiting Cua Dai you can expect to be offered a regular stream of souvenirs, fruit, drinks and other goods from the beach traders, prices will be much higher than elsewhere but there is certainly plenty on offer if you are in the mood for a purchase.
Enjoying Cua Dai beach does not come for free and you will be expected to purchase a drink or some fresh fruit from one of the local hawkers, especially if you are not renting a sun lounger. It’s worth heading to Cua Dai Beach during the week when the sands will be virtually deserted. Weekends, however, tend to get busy. Its also best to visit from April to August when swimming is safest.

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Oceanographic Museum of Vietnam

Located at 1 Cau Da St., about 5km from Nha Trang City Center, at the foot of the outcrop where Bao Dai Village is constructed, is a grand French-colonial building which houses the National Oceanographic Museum of Vietnam. It is an interesting aquarium in which you can gain the exact image of Nha Trang marine environment. Opened to the public on September 14th, 1922, today it is still a popular destination for both domestic and foreign tourists. 
Nowhere can people expect to see a more extensive collection of living beings from the Eastern Sea like in this museum, particularly in areas like the bays of Thailand, archipelagoes of Paracels (Hoàng Sa) and Spratlys (Truong Sa), shore regions of Vietnam and the gulf of the Vat Bô.
The collection of this museum spreads out over two floors. The ground floor is home to fish tanks of varying sizes that house all manner of marine life. All kinds of fish you would find in the sea area of Khanh Hoa Province are presented there: reef sharks, turtles, living coral, anemones, puffers, lionfish, clownfish, sea horses, and a whole array of colorful reef species, some of which can be found in no other place in the world. Each of them has a label indicating their name, origin and characteristics in Vietnamese and in English.
The upstair flooor is for exhibiting specimens, local boats and fishing artifacts, plus an 18 metre long whale skeleton. Over its long history, this museum has been holding more than 20000 specimens of tropical marine creatures. Apart from the real fishes, there are also rare species’ skeletons or bodies preserved in formaldehyde solution. There are even finds of endemic species from Kampuchean Vietnamese seas and from other nearby countries, some of which are extremely rare, like the dugong or sea cow. Kids are often very excited to visit the big tropical turtles and crocodiles.
Apart from the museum aquariums, there are also many of the theme rooms in the National Oceanographic Museum of Vietnam which focus on marine science featuring the history of its research equipment and technology such as: “From Light to Life” (features algae and phytoplankton), “Life in a Drop of Water” (microscopic aquatic organisms), or rooms illustrating coastal natural disasters, sacred legends, traditions and culture of Vietnam fishing.

VIETNAM TYPICAL TOURS COMPANY
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Da Lat’s romantic beauty

Numerous holiday-makers are expected to visit Da Lat city in the Central Highland province of Lam Dong during this year’s summer months.
In addition to exploring cultural and historical sites and famous hotspots in the city, visitors to Da Lat city an join adventurous tourism activities in the province such as discovering the falls of Datanla and Dam Bri in Bao Loc district, climbing Lang Biang Mountain and discovering Cu Lan village in Lac Duong district.
Tourists, who often profess a fondness for Da Lat’s romantic beauty, will have a chance to enjoy a cool and comfortable atmosphere during the city’s famous showers.
They can also experience home-stay services and outdoor tours to mix with nature and join the daily life of local people.
From June to August this year, a wide range of cultural events, including an exhibition on Central Highland culture, a food festival, a Vietnamese film week and a traditional musical accessory festival, will be held in the city, with a hope of luring more visitors.
Along with Lam Dong, other Central Highland provinces such as Dak Lak, Dak Nong, Gia Lai and Kon Tum are also interesting destinations for holiday-makers during their summer break.

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Colorful stone ground in Co Thach beach

Co Thach in Tuy Phong District in the central coast province of Binh Thuan is an ideal venue for those wishing to find a tranquil and neglected beach as a hideaway. Tourists can get there by either motorbike or car.
From Phan Thiet City they should stroll along Highway 1A for about 100km to reach Lien Huong intersection, then make a right and travel three more kilometers. Or they can take a coach to come to Lien Huong Town and then ask a xe om (motorbike taxi) to take you to Co Thach beach.
Tourists can get there by either motorbike or car. From Phan Thiet City they should stroll along Highway 1A for about 100km to reach Lien Huong intersection, then make a right and travel three more kilometers.
Or they can take a coach to come to Lien Huong Town and then ask a xe om (motorbike taxi) to take you to Co Thach beach. There are numerous accommodations for guests to choose along the way to the beach.
The tourist site is well-known for its colorful stone ground featuring hundreds of stones in different shapes – square, triangle and hexagon.
Especially, visitors may find it interesting to admire the stone ground refl ecting sparkling colors under the sunlight and the sea waves. Another highlight of the beach is its perfect soft white sand.
Travelers can drop by nearby sightseeing spots like Ghenh Son (Son Range), Hang Pagoda (or Co Thach Pagoda), Nam Hai Whale Worshiping Temple, Co Thach sand dunes, Ca Na beach, mineral spring and Vinh Hao mud bath site.
An afternoon walk around the beach to learn more about the life of local fishermen or admire a nearby wind farm is also another option.

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Sightseeing the clouds valley in Hoa Binh

Located at an altitude of 1,200m above sea level, Lung Van is covered by cloud all year round. It is surrounded by the mountains of Trau (Buffalo), Po and Tien (Fairy) so it is known as Thung May (Cloud Valley).
About 40km from downtown Hoa Binh City, Lung Van valley in Tan Lac district is famous for its beautiful, spectacular natural scenery and unique culture of the Muong people.
It is also referred to as "the roof of Muong Bi," one of the four major and the most ancient cultural cradles of the Muong ethnics in Hoa Binh Province.
Although lying deep inside the mountains, very far from the Hoa Binh - Moc Chau road, Lung Van attracts a lot of tourists for its fanciful scenery.
As the highest point in the valley of Tan Lac, Lung Van is covered by cloud all year round. For those who want to shirk away from the noisy urban life, Lung Van is an ideal place with quiet and peaceful atmosphere, fresh air, cool wind, wild flowers and houses covered by whit clouds.
There are over 400 families in Lung Van but there are dozens of people of over 100 years old. Therefore, Lung Van is called the Long-lived Land.
People believe that local people are long-lived thanks to the water from three streams in the region and their good lifestyle. But no matter what the reason is, Lung Van’s air is very pure. You have to come here to feel it.
In Lung Van, you can have bath in a spring, climb up the Fairy Mount and stay in a house on stilts of the Muong people or go to the fair that opens every Tuesday.

VIETNAM TYPICAL TOURS COMPANY
Hotline : (84) 974.861.652
Email : info@vietnamtypicaltours.com
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